that which, by a lazy contemplation, etc.
Note by H Craik to chapter 3 of Battle of the Books

There is no doubt as to the text, but the sentence is evidently irregular. It is the 'overweening pride,' and not the one variety of being, which feeds and engenders on itself, and turns all into venom. But this second 'which' introduces a confusion: and instead of writing 'produces' in the following clause, Swift repeats the participial construction from 'feeding and engendering.'